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Glycerol monostearate (GMS)
Glycerol Monostearate (GMS) is a widely used food additive, emulsifier, and stabilizer. It is a naturally occurring compound derived from glycerol and stearic acid, a type of fatty acid. GMS is commonly presented as a white, odorless, and slightly sweet-tasting powder, flake, or granular substance.
Chemical Composition and Properties:
- Chemical Formula: C21H42O4
- Molecular Weight: ~358.56 g/mol
- Appearance: White powder or flakes.
- Solubility: Insoluble in water but disperses well in hot water; soluble in alcohol and oil.
Uses of Glycerol Monostearate:
Food Industry:
- Acts as an emulsifier in baked goods, margarine, and ice cream.
- Improves the texture and consistency of processed foods.
- Extends shelf life by preventing the separation of oils and water.
- Used as an anti-staling agent in bread and other bakery products.
Cosmetics and Personal Care Products:
- Functions as a thickening agent in creams, lotions, and moisturizers.
- Provides a smooth texture and enhances spreadability.
Pharmaceutical Industry:
- Utilized as a stabilizer and emulsifier in drug formulations.
- Helps in the controlled release of active ingredients in tablets and capsules.
Other Applications:
- Found in plastics, resins, and packaging materials as a lubricant or anti-static agent.
- Used in nutritional supplements and as a carrier for powdered food flavorings.
Benefits of GMS:
- Enhances product stability and texture.
- Improves the shelf life of food and cosmetics.
- Safe for consumption in regulated amounts as per FDA and international food safety guidelines.
Safety and Regulatory Status:
Glycerol Monostearate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA and is approved for use in food products in many countries worldwide. It is non-toxic and biodegradable, making it environmentally friendly.
In conclusion, Glycerol Monostearate is a versatile compound with numerous applications across industries, playing a key role in improving product quality and functionality.
